Glassworking mechanism



June 10 N. W. HARTMAN GLASSWORKINGMECHANiSM inal Filegi Jan. 25' 191:5

NJErLE WHAHTMN m maz June 16 192 'HSRRTMAN emsswcmmnc amcmmsm Original Filed Jan. 27 1915 2 Sheets-Sheet. 2

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NOBLT. W. fiwThi'AN, QETQTJEZDG, 03 116, AEQIENQR Ti} GEL ELEGTBIC COMIANY;

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pontinuoilon in em or application Serial no. ices-is, filed mm 27, was. mom 2%. 08,000. This application filed .Fehmsry 3, 1926. Serial No. 355,802.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, Noemi W. HARTMAN, a. citizen of the United States, residing at Toledo, county of Loose, Shite of Ship, heve invented certain new endnseihil improvements in Glassworking Mechanism, of which the following is s specification.

My invention relates to the glass and comprises both certain novel methods of glass working and also novel mechanism for. this nrpose. In my epplicscion, Serial No. 74 5549, patent No. l,%98,090 l have describeda. Y gloss working machine which is adopted for automatic operation efficiently and economically with particular reference to its employinene in the produo time of incandescent lamp bulbs; and while my present, invention is described inconnec: tidri with this machine, the invention is not confined to this machine out can be otherwisecarried out and applied, and can be emnioyed, also, in the production of articles other then bulbs for incandescent iemps. vantages obtoineble in connection with my invention which will hereinafter become epperenlz ere uniformity and quality of product.

This application is a. continuation heart of my epplicetion, Jan. 27, 1913 under the title Glass work ing mechanism and methods, now Palent No. 1,408,000. The c oration of this mechine will be briefly but for a. complete description reference should be made to the said a plicetion.

The machine disclosed int c above mentioned application is adapted to gather molten glass and to produce a. complete lamp bulb therefrom. in this machine, the actual formation of s bulb is eftected by blowing in a mold, and the machine'comprises a so celled blow-iron on which a, charge oi? giess may be carried and. manipw lated and which is adapted to cooperate with the mold and also with various other agencies and mechanisms, provision being made for relative movement of the blowiron and these various agencies to bring them into cooperative relation in the most edvantegeous manner. After the blow-iron has gathered the-charge of g'less -to outline briefly the general action of the maworking of charge of glass end the machine Among the various practical ed seen. No. niece. one

the ordinal-g chine,-- th'e charge meywhen necessary beprepared and broughttosuch shape that the glass will be properl distributed in. the blown article by suite is movement of the blow-iron, or by the direct action of suiteblegsha ping means (which form the subjecii matter the glass in a manner corresponding to the operation of hand blowing known as ma.r-'

vering, or by both: The glass on the blow-. iron having been brought into the mold and the letter closed, the blowing occurs, air unr'.

der pressure passing through thetblow-iroii and expendin of "the mold;

chided and the mold opened, the blown bulb is Withdrawn and is detached by a device,'

withdrawal of the bulb from the mold. Re-

of the present eppiicaiiion) upon the glass against the wells he blowing having been con-.

which may preferably not after the moval of any glass adhering to the blow iron having been eiiected by a cleaning 'de-.

vice, the blow-iron is resdy for another as a whole for another cycle of operations. The blow iron is preferably roist'ed during the blow: ing, in order that the surface of the blown article ins be perfectly smooth; and as suchrotating cos-not necessarily interfere with the other operzitions, but may even be made to facilitate some or all of them, it need not be interrupted.

In the drawings, Fig. 1-. is a side eleveiion of the marvering machine. of my inescribed hereinafter,

vention which may be employed for shoping the glass preparatory to the blowing operation; Fig. 2-is a. front elevation of the marvering mechanism; Fig. 3 is a plan view of my modification oi the morvering mechanism; Fig. 5 is s side elevation of a second modification of the answering mechanism withthe driving mechanism broken away; Fig. 6 is e plen View thereof, Fig. 7- is a partial sec tion' on th line Z-7 of Fig. 5, and Fig. 8' is a. regimental side elevation on a reduced the sake -o describigrg practice of'hand morvering or making clearer the distinctive I invention w th the mervermg' rolls removed; Fig. i is a side elevation of e.

glass accord turmng'or 'ro ling n'iovemeut of the glass 7 features of my method.

T will then describe several forms of mechanism which I have bull or fgut this, gather of glass to the shape which. he

devised for carrying out my method.

In themunu't'acture of bulbs by hand, the operator sticks the end of the blowdron in the molten lass inthe furnace and gathers a ller of glass thereon. He brings knows by experience will. give the desired proper distribution of the glass in the walls of the blown article by rolling it back and forth on a flat topg cd iron table known as e.

' marvering table. This he docsby revolving the blow-iron between his liunds msually first in one direction and then inthe other,- varying the angle of the blow-iron with refcrence to the surface of the inarvering table duringthe operutionas may be necessary.

According to mymethotl of mervering, the gather of lass is shaped by the-relative and one or more surfaces which g give it any desired forum;v Without the shifting of the axis of rotation which the hancl operator resorts'to in order toproduce anything but a. simple cfindricel or conical fomnution. According to this method, also, it is practicable to etiect simultaneously all the deformations or reforl'nutious of the body of that may be necessary to secure the shape desired, and, in general, by a single relative turning or rolling movement of the glass and the port or parts comprising the surface or surfaces by which the shape of the glass is changed. It is very advantageous to duplicats the surfaces in question on opposite sides of the mass of glass; and if the glass in c. strict sense rolled between these surfaces, oueorboth of themwill naturally more in :1 direction transverse to the axis ct rotation of the hotly of gloss and of the lihw-u'dron (either from c'ontect with the gloss: or because otherwise.actuatcdfi even though the blcw-irori itself should during the rolling move bo clily in a direction transverse with respect to such axis as in hand marveriug. Of course. when the hiow-ironinoves us just mentioned, thequest-ion whether both the opposed, surfaces shallinovc during the rolliug or one of them remain stationary will to some extent be determined by a number of factors; One is'thc rate of the movement of the blow-ironv it it is 'iOi'fi'i'Cii during the mar- Vcring otherwise, than by contact with one ofthemovmg surfaces and another is" its rate of rota-tron (if produced otherwise than c by a separately actuated marvering surface).

Other. factors are the size of the body of glass and the shape to be given it, whether and to whet ext ent slipping between the surface of the glass ancleithcr or both tl an feces against which it s rolled 1s permnmhli-i under the conditions oi the psrlicular case,

(.tc. For somespecific forms cl my method,

the. opposed surfaces ci'i'iployeii may be sur- ,ess

faces of revolution, while for other forms one or both of them may be flat or have some other shape.

In the marveling mechanism illustrated in Figs. 3., 2 and 3, the opposed surfaces between which the gather ofglass rotates as above set for-there those of a pair of rolls 1 and 2 mounted so that they may revolve about more or less nearly vertical axes 3 and 4. As shown, the right-hand roll 1 (Fig. 2) is driven by power from the shaft 5,'- preferably at a speed such that most of its surface has a. linear velocity somewhere in the neighborhood of that of the sur'fucc of the rotating gather of glass on the blow-iron 6 when it swings between the rolls during the rearward movement of the blow-iron and moves in the same direction. (which is the opposite of that in which the blow-iron swings) ,while the left-hand roll 2 is more ly mounted so as to revolve ircely when the rotating body of glass comes against it, its surface in contact with the glass'thus moving in the same direction as that in which the blow-iron swings. The shape of the rolls used at-any time will, of course, be such as to give the charge of glass the shape most advantageous for the manufacture of the particular article which is to be made from it; as shown. each of them has a cylindrical surfece 7 and a conical surface Send the right-hand roll 1 (Fig. 2) has a surface 9 hult,which is what happens when the cams which actuate the blowpipe 6 have exactly the forms shown in Fig. 8 of the drawings or in my Patent No. 1,408,000 previously referred to. v

The surface 9 of the roll 1 just mentioned 'is, it will be seen, that of a flange at the lower cud of said roll which extends beneath the lower edge of the conical portion 8 and the roll 2. As will be seen from Fig. 3 (in which the axes 3 and 4 are shown in a vertical position with the rolls 1 and 2'removed in order that parts which would otherwise be hidden by the rolls may up pour), the spindle which constitutes the axis 3 carries a. feather 10 adapted to engage in on internal groove in the roll 1, this mode of connection allowing both rolls to be removed or replaced with others merely lifting them oil-the sni (lies 3 end 4, or vice vcrsu. Provision is n c for varying the tlistuncc apart of the c to vary the distance between the an ces and the rolls or menses to accommodate rolls of difi'erent sizes by niounting said spindles in relatively adjustparts 11 and 12 can-be firmly fixed in the I desired relative positions. A double screw menibcr 17 (Fig. 3) mounted at its middle in a lug 18 on a part and secured therein so that it isfree to turn but cannot move lengthwise (said screw having wright-hand thread at one side of the lug 18-, a leftzhsnd thread at the other and square ends) can he employed tofacilitate the adjustment ofthe parts 11 and 12 and insure that they shall I be set'at equal distances from the center of the bolt 16 andiron the path alongivhich the axis of rotation of the charge of glass 7 swings ...the threaded ends ofthis member versal joint 20 the hub of s.

l7 engaging in internally threaded holes in the lugs 19 and 19 on the parts 11 and 12. Th lower portion of the spindle 3 is oi somewhat smaller diameter than the ortion on which the roll 1 is mounted and is loose on the part v its extreme lower end extends into a hole 1! 16 so as to revolve freely, and

the uppermost member of a universal joint 20 and is secured, by a pin 21. to which the lowermost member of the unizs secured has its bearing in frame structure 2e and is connected with a. beveled gear in such a manner thilt it can slide up and down through said gear but is constrained to turn with it,there hein as shown. a key-Way 26 in the shaft in which the. feother in' the hub of the gear engages. This gear 25 ineshes with agear 27 on a shaft 28 which has its bearing in on the base portion of the structure .24, and the shaft 28 his on its other end a gear 30' which mesheswith a gear 3101i the shaft 5. The spindle 4; is in form similar to the spindle 3, but it is merely secured in the-part 12, as by s set-screwBQ. i

The part 15 above mentioned is mounted in the forked upper end of a pai'ti33 on a bolt 3% (Fig. 2) so that no matter how the conditions of operation may vary the axes (ill 3 end 4 can be brought to a. position where they will he more or less nearly parallel to the axis of the blow-iron 6 when the gather of glass thereon passes between the rolls and secured in such position bv tightening the nut on said bolt so as to 0 amp the part 15 and the part 33,the universal joint 20 permitting the spindle to occupy any desired angular position with inference to the vertical without interfereinrc with the driving thereof. Provision is made for adjusting the rolls up and down by having the corners The shaft 22 I llhsliaperl bracket 23 of the the hub 29.

of one sid of the part 33 engage'and slide in reentrant grooves in an upright portion 35 andthe, framework 2e, the key-way and feather connection between the shaft 22 and the ear 25 permitting this quite freely. The olt 36passes through a hole in the part33 and. through a vertical slot'in the the part 33 to be clamped at the desired height, theportion of this bolt which lies in the vertical slot having a rectangular cross:

,web portion of the upright 35 and enables section to facilitate'the tightening of the nut H on the bolt.

In operation, the glass is gathered on the blow-iron 6 and'asthe iatter passes from the furnace to the mold, the gather on the rotatin blow-iron passes between the rolls land which shapeit to conform to the spac between the rolls.

In Fig. 4 i have shown a modification of mv marvering mechanism. In this modification, the bed 37 adiustably Holds the frame 38 which curries the marvering rolls. The

"frame 38 may be raised or lowered with re'- slpgct to the bed 3'? by loosening the bolts 39.

e roll i6 is mounted on the shaft 41, so as to-rotste freelv end. isclosed on the roll 4-2 of. similar outline which is fastened to the shaft s1 and which has the flange 43' (shown in dotted outline) inserted into the roll 40 to prevent the gather from dropping through to the shaft when the rolls are separated. The distance between the rolls 40 and 42 45 as shown. The collar 4% also prevents the rolls from being pushed apart by the gather.

be adjusted by means of the slip collar.

The shaft 41 is driven through the bevel gear 46 fastened'thereto which meshes with a lievel gear Hon a shaft 48 driven by a motor or any other means. f

In op ration, the gather of glass on the rotating blow-iron passes between the rolls sit) and 42 which shape the gather-to conform to the space between the rollsas the blow-iron passes f mold. p Y c i In Figs. 5 and 6 l have shown a form of marvermg 'mechanisrnin which the opposed surfaces, between which the gather of glass on the blow-iron rotates are more or less nearly flat in thedireotion in Whinhthe surface of the glass moves with reference to them. In the mechanism shown, some of the surfaces are faces on a part 49 which is movable, and others are on a part 50 which is stationary and the movement of the part.

' lfioccurs when the glass on the blow-iron 51 is between the parts-being brought about by theblow-iron 51 itself as the charge of glass on it approaches the parts -or comes between them. I

As will be seen from Figs. 5 and 6, the movable part 49 slides on ways on a part 52 which is preferably curved to a radius corrom the furnace to thelit).

, responding to the efiective': length of the has axgroove which fits ovelthe flange 53,

blow-ironfil wlienjthe glass thereon is in the marverer. This part 52 haszan upstand' ing flange 53st one edge, and the part 49 c and astrip 54 is detaclmbly secured to the lower outer edge of the part 49 and extends beneath the lower outeredge of the part 52 so as to keep 49. from lifting oil the flange.

blow-iron is swinging-past the pa-rt 49. ;The

at least somewhat rate of rotation of the blow-iron 51 (which is in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 5). and the rate'at which it swings past the part 50 willpreterably hear such a relation to one another that the gather of glass will roll over the part 50 without excessiveslipping between the. surface of said part 50 and the surtnce, of the glass.

Underthese conditions, however, the linear Y velocity or .the surfaces of the glass which come in contactwith the-part 49 will be greater than the rate of movement of the blowf iron. so that to avoid any slipping between such surfaces and'thoscl of the pert i9 the rate at which the part moves downward along the ways as above described during the swinging movement would have to be about twice the rate of swinging of the blow-iron as a whole, and will preferably be quicker than its rate of swinging. y j Provision may bemade for setting the parts ll-and 50 at different distances apartto vary the diameter and shape which they give to the gather cit-glass or to allow parts of different forms or dimensions to be employed. .As shown, this adjustment is provided for by having on the lower side of the part 52 on which the part 49 slides a pro- :gccting portion with transverse edges 55 adaptedto fit and slide between the transverse edges of flanges 56 at the upper end of the part 57011 which it is mounted and by having in the upper side of the part 52 a transverse groove in which 'a. transverse ridge 58 on a horizontal flange portion 60 of the stationary part 50 fits and slides, screws 61 which pass through slots in said parts 60 and 52 servingto clam :and fix these parts on thepart 52in any esired position with reference to one another and tothe path of theblow-irom Up and down adjustment of the parts 49 nod 50 is provided for by mounting'tho part 57 so as to slide up and down against ways on the portion 62 of the frame structure, a bolt 63 which passes through a slot in the part 57 serving to clamp the latter part at tiny desired height.

of which this ise division.

may be produced at the proper time by appropriate mechanism driven by a motor or other means, as described in the application This. mechanism is caused to operate by the blow-iron 51 as it brings the gather of glass into the sphere of action of the parts -fl9 and 50.

In operation, as the blow-iron 51 comes to the marverer on the way from the furnace to the mold, it causes the appropriate mechanism to operate to produce a movement. of the part. 49. The'gatherof glass is rotated on the blow-iron 51 between the stationary part 50 and the sliding part el9'so as to shape the glass gather to conform to.

49 is preferably automatically returned to. I

the position shown in full lines in Fig. 5.

in Fig. 8 is shown on a reduced scale the portion of the mechanism for rotating and swinging the blowpipe or spindle 6 to and from the furnace 6. This is more fully shown and described in my Patent. No.-

lAfi-Sptlt} hcreinbet'ore referred to. The rotution of the spindle 6 is secured through the chain drive or which through the bevel.

gearing filo-rotates the shaft 66. The latter rotates the spindle through the bevel gearing 67. The. swinging of the hlowpipe is caused in part by the rocking of the frame arm 68 which is actuated by a cam 69. it is also caused by the rod 70 which is actuated by a cam 71. The longitudinal movement of the blowpipe or spindle is secured throu h the links 72, 73 and 7 l'controlled by t e.

cam 75 and controlling a lever 76, the other -end of which is suitably connected to the blowpipe or spindle by a link 77.

preferred forms of my invention, modificato be limited to the specific forms shown and described.

While I have shown and described certain I.

What I claim as new andldesirc to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is,--.

1. Mechanism for marvering a charge of glass comprising juxtaposed parts between which the charge of glass (passes and is rotated and which are adapte to give the glass the desired form and at least one of which is.

also adapted to move during the operation aforesaid in such a manner that its surface in contact with the glass travels in a direction transverse with respect to the axis of rotation of the body of glass.

52'. A mnrveriug device comprising a pair of juxtaposed members forming therebetween an aperture of predetermined shape at lczist. one of said parts being loosely} mounted and adapted to be driven by the charge of glass during its passage through sai , of said parts being loosely mounted and adapted to be driven by the, charge of glass on said blow-pipe during its passage through. thesaid aperture and to roll thesaid charge of lass into a shape similar to that of the sa-i aperture.

4:. In. an apparatus fo'r working glass, the combination with a spindle adapted to canrying a gather of glass, means for rotating the said spindle on its Ion itudinal axis and a marvering part mounte for rotation'and adapted to rotate to efi'ect a marver of the gather, being frictionally driven from the i glass' carried by the said spindle.

5. In an apparatus for working glass, the

carry a gather of glass, means for rotatin ssa igf a gather of glass, means for rotating the said spindle. on its longitudinal axis and for sWingin the same and a marverin member mounte 'so' as to be engaged by t e gather of lass duri the swm in the spindle a ifito be m ve direction transverse to that said spindle. i 1 6. In an apparatus for working glass; the combination with a spindle adapted to thereby in a of the axis of the said spindle on its longitudinal axis an a marvermgmeniber mounted so-asto be engaged by, the gather of glass and consistingjof a disc and a mounting for the same allowing for its free rotation by contact with said' gather of lass.

' In Witness w ereof, I have hereunto set my hand this twenty-ninth day of January, 1920.' a

NOBLE w nAR'rMAN.

movement of 

